Why is Nizoral (Ketoconazole) prescribed?
Nizoral, Ketoconazole is a broad-spectrum antifungal drug available in tablet form, is used to treat several fungal infections within the body, including oral and Vaginal thrush and candidiasis. It may also be given to treat severe, hard-to-treat fungal skin infections that have not cleared up after treatment with creams or ointments, or the oral drug griseofulvin (Fulvicin, Grisactin).
Brand Name: Nizoral
Generic Name: Ketoconazole
Manufacture By: Cipla (Cipla manufacturing strengths have established it as a producer of world-class generics, branded generics and a major supplier of its range of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients World-Wide).
Nizoral is available as 200mg tablet form.
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Prescription Required: No
Drug Use (Indication): Nizoral Ketoconazole tablets are indicated for the treatment of the systemic fungal infections like candidiasis, oral thrush, chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, candiduria, blastomycosis, chromomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, Blastomycosis, Tinea pedis, Tinea corporis, Tinea cruris, Tinea vesicolor, Prostatic carcinoma, Dandruff, Seborrheic dermatitis and paracoccidioidomycosis. Nizoral should not be used for fungal meningitis because of the penetration of the Ketoconazole into the cerebral-spinal fluid. Ketoconazole tablets are also indicated for the treatment of patients with severe recalcitrant cutaneous dermatophyte infections who have not responded to topical therapy or oral griseofulvin, or who are unable to take griseofulvin.
How Ketoconazole works (Mechanism of Action)?
Ketoconazole is fungicidal or fungistatic depending on concentrations. It inhibits the conversion of Lanosterol to 14 demethyl Lanosterol by inhibiting the cytochrome P450 enzyme 14 alpha demethylase and impair ergosterol synthesis. This will alter cell membrane and its permeability. This will results in loss of intracellular components. It also inhibits biosynthesis of triglycerides and phospholipids by fungi. It also inhibits several enzymes (e.g. Oxidative and peroxidative enzymes) which are involved in detoxification process. This will leads to cellular necrosis.
Absorption: It is absorbed only in acidic PH. Distribution: It is distributed in the body in protein bound form. Metabolism: It is metabolised to inactive metabolite in the liver. Excretion: It is excreted mainly through faeces and also through urine.
Dosage: Adult: The recommended dose of Nizoral Ketoconazole is 200 - 400 mg once daily.
Missed Dose?
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and take the medicine at your next regularly scheduled time. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose.
Storage?
Keep out of the reach of children. Store away from heat and direct light. Do not store the capsule or tablet form of this medicine in the bathroom, near the kitchen sink, or in other damp places. Heat or moisture may cause the medicine to break down.
What are the Special Warning and Precauctions?
- Consult with your doctors before taking Nizoral (Ketoconazole) in rare cases, people have had anaphylaxis (a life-threatening allergic reaction) after taking their first dose of Nizoral.
- Observe caution when driving or performing other tasks requiring alertness, due to potential side effects of headache, dizziness, and drowsiness.
More Information:
- Consult with your doctor if you experience any signs or symptoms that could mean liver damage: these include unusual fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea or vomiting, jaundice, dark urine, or pale stools.
- Before starting the treatment of Nizoral, and at frequent intervals while you are taking it, you should have blood tests to evaluate your liver function.
- In some people, Nizoral may cause serious or even fatal damage to the liver.